Sanctions
U.S. Policy Must Expand Beyond Currency Interdiction, and Washington Should Direct Secondary Sanctions Against Intermediaries
The Trump Administration Must Lean on Allies and Partners to Enforce U.S. Sanctions
Enforcement Will Test Abu Dhabi’s Appetite to Absorb Domestic Costs While Pressuring Tehran
Because Iraq’s Political System Cannot Police Itself, Washington Should Focus on State Officials Who Enable Sanctioned Networks
Democracies Increasingly Employ Personal Sanctions as Instruments of Statecraft Against Individuals Rather than States
Access to Foreign Exchange and Import Licenses Remains Heavily Influenced by State Institutions and Semi-State Organizations
A 20-Year Foreign-Income Tax Exemption Could Deepen Turkey’s Exposure to Money Laundering, Sanctions Evasion, and Organized Crime
Jerusalem Sees Belgrade as Its Most Dependable Partner Among the Former Yugoslav Republics
For Trump to Push Forward with Boulos’ Proposal for Rapprochement Also Would Insult Ethiopian and Eritrean Americans
Military Pressure, Economic Contraction, and Industrial Disruption May Push Iran Toward Significant Concessions
Iran’s Energy Weakness Could Become Its Strategic Breaking Point
The Axis Exploits Divisions Among Western Allies, Tests Nonproliferation Norms, and Enjoys Quiet Tolerance from China and Russia
The Blockage Would Cut Roughly $280 Million a Day in Iran’s Export Revenues and Disrupt Another $160 Million in Imports
Legal Reforms Follow U.S. Pressure, but Sanctions Evasion Track Record Remains
Iran Returns the Favor by Explicitly Carrying Out an Anti-Western ‘Crusade’ from Spanish Soil
The U.S. May Try to Manage Markets and Tehran’s Internal Calculations, but Shouldn’t Expect Policy Change from the Regime
By Issuing a Temporary Waiver on Sanctions, the U.S. Acknowledged That Energy Market Stability Sometimes Requires Flexibility
The Move Illustrates Trump’s Pledge to Pursue the Muslim Brotherhood Wherever Possible
Oman, like Qatar, Has a Strong Interest in the Islamic Republic’s Continued Survival, Serving as a Trade and Financial Conduit