Leonid Baratz

Articles by this Author
A Mahan Air airbus begins its takeoff in Istanbul.
Middle East Forum Observer
The U.S. and Israel Should Close Aviation Sanctions Loopholes on Russia and Iran
Sanctions Loopholes and Inconsistencies Undermine U.S. Policy Across Crises
October 12, 2026
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Leonid Baratz
Waves of the Caspian Sea on the beach of Derbent, Republic of Dagestan, Russia.
Middle East Forum Observer
The United States Must Close the Caspian to Iran and Russia’s Sanctions-Busting Trade
The U.S. Should Designate Oil Tankers, the Hulls That Carry Arms, Their Managers and Insurers, and Ports That Receive Them
October 3, 2026
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Leonid Baratz
The Russian cruise missile Kh-35 is a subsonic anti-ship rocket.
Middle East Forum Observer
Russia and Iran Coordination Illustrates Why Financial Cooperation Is Only Half the Battle
No Sanctions Authority Is in Use to Stop the Direct Transfer of Weapons-Relevant Technology and Expertise
September 13, 2026
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Leonid Baratz
Iran's Fordow underground uranium enrichment facility is located about 20 miles north of Qom.
Middle East Forum Observer
How Iran and Russia Trade Nuclear and Drone Technology to Bypass Sanctions
U.S. Policy Must Expand Beyond Currency Interdiction, and Washington Should Direct Secondary Sanctions Against Intermediaries
August 31, 2026
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Leonid Baratz