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The Zayandeh Rud (“the life-giving river”) in Isfahan, Iran, has become a seasonal memory, flowing only during rare floods or when dam gates are opened far upstream. Water meant for the people of Isfahan is routinely diverted to politically-connected agricultural and industrial ventures.

Middle East Forum Online

The ‘Water Mafia’ Is Real—and It’s Draining Iran Dry

If Trump Wants to Do More than Make Headlines, He Should Help Resolve the Water Crisis

June 6, 2025

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On September 13, 1993, Yitzhak Rabin of Israel and Yasser Arafat of the PLO shake hands at the White House South Lawn after signing the Oslo Peace Accords; President Bill Clinton looks on.

Middle East Forum Online

There Is Actually No Solution

The Persistence of the Conflict Is Not an Accident. It Endures Because It Is Embedded Within Multiple Overlapping Systems of Power

June 6, 2025

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Hussein Aboubakr Mansour

For Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, aggression is a matter of his own survival. If he can win short-term concessions through diplomacy, these are not Armenian sacrifices on the road to peace but rather triumphs he can pocket to make his end goal simpler. War is likely.

Middle East Forum Online

Azerbaijan’s Aggression Will Soon Get Worse

Now That Azerbaijan Has Seized Nagorno-Karabakh, Its Role as a Fig Leaf Is Gone

June 6, 2025

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